The cement industry is a major source of global CO2 emissions, and CCS is seen as a crucial solution for reducing these emissions. However, implementing CCS in cement production presents various challenges that need to be addressed for it to be effective as a decarbonization measure.

Focusing on Aalborg Portland, a Danish cement producer, the research evaluates the environmental, economic, and social aspects of CCS adoption. Through a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, the study explores:

• Environmental Impact: The study uses Life Cycle Assessment to quantify the potential CO2 reductions achievable through CCS. While CCS can significantly lower emissions, the process is energy-intensive and may result in residual emissions that need to be carefully managed to ensure overall sustainability.
• Economic Viability: Through detailed cost analysis and Monte Carlo simulations, the research evaluates the business case of CCS implementation. It looks at the capital investment, operational costs, and the role of financial incentives, revealing that while CCS is economically feasible, its success depends on market conditions, regulatory frameworks, and available subsidies.
• Social Acceptance: The research investigates public perception of CCS at Aalborg Portland through surveys and focus groups. The findings show that public acceptance of CCS technology remains mixed, with concerns about its safety, effectiveness, and long-term environmental impact.

This research provides insights into the trade-offs and synergies involved in adopting CCS within the cement industry. It highlights the interplay between environmental benefits, economic feasibility, and public perception—essential considerations for policymakers, industry leaders, and researchers looking to advance CCS solutions in the cement sector.